Semi serious question, (please do not ask "AI") I can do web searches just fine so please answer from your own experience:

[drsaucy@sfba.social]

@afreytes I immediately thought of wikiwiki after I posted, but awaited your reply in case my example wasn't relevant to your request.

Other Hawaiian reduplicatives of which I'm aware, but quite likely lost in Hawaiian to Haole: holoholo (from stroll/amble to run around), mahimahi (strong to brute strength) makemake (like to desire).

[fgbjr@indieweb.social]

@oheso @afreytes At a faculty dinner, back when I was still working full time, the restaurant was tatami style, and at the shoe lockers I put mine in number "42," as I generally do when it's available. A European colleague much more obsessive about appearances and local trivia than I was looked on, scowled, and said, "That's a bad one: SHI [written as 四 for 'four' or as 死 for 'death'] NI [二 for 'two' or the particle に meaning roughly 'to' or 'toward' or 'at']."

This is an example of 余計なお世話.

[fgbjr@indieweb.social]

@oheso @afreytes It's effectively the same answer with the humor removed from it. (And I hasten to add that the offending European was not from Germany!)

[adriano@lile.cl]

@blogdiva @afreytes On the other hand, “anglicismos” (English loanwords adapted to Spanish) and all the -ismos that describe Spanish variants like Argentinismo, Chilenismo, etc. could be “groups of words outside the standard rules of syntax”.

[thierry@twit.social]

@afreytes In French Canada (at least in the province of Québec) we have “mots d’église" (ie: church words). Basically swear words, often with adjusted spellings (ex: tabernacle = tabarnak!). They can be combined for effect.

Québec used to be a very religious place…

You’ll mostly hear such swears around you except for the occasional “marde” in combination with a church word or “merde” if not.

[afreytes@mastodon.gamedev.place]

@thierry oh my! This made e remember in Puerto Rico we have "palabras de Domingo" i.e. "Sunday Words" which is almost like saying church words! And "palabras de Domingo" are multi-sillabic very long words which would usually be used by more well read people, often in church.

Thank you! I love that!

[alsopaisleycat@tenforward.social]

@adriano
That would apply to anglicisms into any other language as well as calques (loan words or word for word phrases). I don’t think it’s what OP is looking for.

Quebecois French authorities are always on the alert for ‘anglicismes’.

Even so, there are calques, as well as local idiomatic usage and expressions, that exist in both English and French where there is a high level of bilingualism. e.g. people in western Quebec and Eastern Ontario often use the verb ‘to close’ / ‘fermer’ rather than ‘shut down’ / ‘éteindre’ their computer. It’s not considered correct English or French but it’s what’s commonly used.

@blogdiva @afreytes

[amberage@eldritch.cafe]

@afreytes outside of i.e. professional jargon, I can't think of any example possibly certain sociolects, but that's not purely about words, it's also pronounciation, grammar, etc.

Perhaps the closest thing is "Jugendwörter" ("youth words"), loosely referring to teenage slang and a ittle more closely referring especially to words nominated for the "Jugendwort des Jahres" ("youth word of the year") award? That's the only named collection of words I can think of that are connected not by genre (noun/verb/etc).

(All of this is German, btw)

[thomasfuchs@hachyderm.io]

@afreytes it’s not a rule, it’s a euphemism, which English is full of (presumably because lots of radical Christians)

it’s just a coincidence that there’s quite a few swear words with four letters

[afreytes@mastodon.gamedev.place]

@AlsoPaisleyCat @adriano @blogdiva you are right that "loan words" is not what I was looking for.

But can you expand on "Quebecois French authorities are always on the alert for ‘anglicismes’."?

Does this mean entities get fined for using foreign words? I'm picturing a sort referee taking out a red card when someone misuses an English word! 🤭

[afreytes@mastodon.gamedev.place]

@thomasfuchs I know this, this is an uneeded explanation. Thanks but this is not an answer in the spirit of my question.

[max@manmachine.me]

There is a similar construct in Russian also centred around profanity, but with a three-letter word, so the equivalent of "go to hell" becomes "go to three letters", and it's assumed everyone knows which three.

[afreytes@mastodon.gamedev.place]

@max oooh... Is Hell also three letters in Russian? Please tell

[humanhorseshoes@mastodon.world]

@afreytes in Russian they have mata yizik or "mothers tongue" for their glorious swearing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6EUvOeAjs8&list=PLEBRDbRtaaek5vsyhTf7o5zpzpiovgOPw&index=8

I had a colleague from Belarus and her absolutely X rated running commentary had people literally crying with suppressed laughter at what she said

This is funny as this woman is so composed speaking perfect Russian and tells the drivers where to go in the most coarse language

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=46yEQ9ak5q8&list=PLEBRDbRtaaek5vsyhTf7o5zpzpiovgOPw

Philippines has Bakla https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakla#Swardspeak

[larymir@chaos.social]

@afreytes @jmopp those are sometimes referred to as w-words or w-questions (W-Wörter/W-Fragen) in German. But the context is often more "teaching elementary school kids what information is important when calling emergency services" (the answers to all w-questions) or "what information can you convey/do you need?", and not that much about a group of words?

[larymir@chaos.social]

@afreytes @jmopp although there is a Wikipedia article about w-words in German: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/W-Wort

[max@manmachine.me]

To be exact, the construct is "послать на хуй", which literally is closer to "tell someone to go fuck themselves", but can be hidden by the euphemism "послать на три буквы", which would literally be "tell someone to go to three letters". And re: hell, the name of the place is two letters ("ад"), but in strong language it's much more common to tell someone to go to the devil/devils ("к чёрту").

[afreytes@mastodon.gamedev.place]

@max thank you, I love it!

[alsopaisleycat@tenforward.social]

@afreytes
There are strict signage laws in Quebec that require French to be used and to have larger letters than English or other languages. Store owners are policed and fined for violations by *L’Office québécoise de la langue française*.

Beyond that incorporation of anglicisms is not tolerated or endorsed the way it is in France. We use ‘courriel’, not ‘email’; ‘fin de semaine’ not ‘weekend’ as daily examples of anglicisms that are dictionary-words accepted in France but not here.

https://montrealgazette.com/business/quebec-language-inspectors-english-oqlf/

@adriano @blogdiva

[adriano@lile.cl]

@afreytes @AlsoPaisleyCat @blogdiva true, but also my specific point was how in Spanish we have groupings for all the diverse variants by country.